The Conservatives are calling for more drug rehabilitation centres as an alternative to the continued use of the heroin substitute methadone.
The number of centres in Scotland has been reduced from 29 to 23 since 2008-9, according to figures highlighted by the party.
Separate figures showed methadone is implicated in more deaths than the drug it was supposed to help combat.
Of the 584 drug-related deaths in 2011, 290 involved methadone and 225 involved heroin or morphine.
Conservative deputy leader Jackson Carlaw said: "At a time when drugs deaths are reaching record levels, why on earth are these crucial centres closing?
"It seems the SNP would rather throw millions at parking people on methadone instead of taking them into a centre and giving them high-quality care and attention.
"This proves that the Scottish Government wants to shut its eyes and hope the problem goes away.
"These centres provide the best opportunity for people with drug addiction issues to beat their habit. Instead, they are being closed down with no hope of being replaced.
"Recent statistics showed the methadone programme to be the human disaster we all know it is. It is legalised drug-taking on an industrial scale."
A Scottish Government spokeswoman said: "With an investment of over £162m (2007-08 to 2012-13) in front-line drug services, almost 40,000 new clients have been referred for specialist assessments into care and treatment services for their drug use. Prior to 2007 it was not uncommon to wait up to a year for an appointment now 87% of people get treatment within three weeks.
"It is for clinicians to decide in consultation with their client the best form of treatment to meet their needs. We know from the National Treatment Waiting Times Database that 19,043 drug treatments started between April 2011 March 2012 that less than 20% included prescribed drug treatment, including but not exclusively methadone. Of the other 80% they received a range of treatments including residential rehab."
